Sentiment analysis of Indonesian e-commerce reviews plays an important role in understanding user perceptions of products and services. Transformer-based models, particularly the Multilingual Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer (mT5), provide an effective text-to-text approach for sentiment classification tasks. However, model performance is highly influenced by the selection of training hyperparameters. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of batch size variation and number of training epochs on the performance of the mT5 model in Tokopedia review sentiment classification. The dataset consists of Indonesian reviews categorized into two sentiment classes, positive and negative. The research stages include preprocessing, SentencePiece tokenization, mT5 model training, and evaluation using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1- score metrics. The experimental results show that a smaller batch size tends to produce more stable performance but requires longer training time, while a larger batch size requires more epochs to reach optimal convergence. The configuration using batch size 4 and 10 epochs achieves the best performance with a training accuracy of 0.963. These findings highlight the importance of proper hyperparameter selection in optimizing Transformerbased models for Indonesian sentiment analysis.

This study developed and evaluated a GPS - Based Philippines, DRRM is institutionalized through Republic Act No. Emergency Response System for the Municipal Disaster Risk 10121, which mandates a comprehensive framework for disaster Reduction and Management Office (MDRRMO) of Lambunao , preparedness, prevention, mitigation, response, and recovery [1]. Iloilo, Philippines to address challenges in delayed emergency The law decentralizes disaster governance and emphasizes the reporting, absence of real - time location tracking, and inefficient coordination between residents and responders in the municipality . crit ical role of Local Government Units (LGUs) in ensuring The system comprises a mobile application for residents and coordinated and community - based emergency response systems. emergency personnel, and a web - based administrative dashboard Despite this strong legal foundation, operational inefficiencies for MDRRMO authorities. The reside nt application enables users to remain prevalent at the municipal level, particularly in rural and submit emergency requests with incident details, images, and semi - urba n communities. automatically generated GPS location data. The responder application allows emergency teams to receive real - time alerts, Emergency response operations in many municipalities navigate to incident sites using GPS, and update response statuses. continue to rely on conventional communication channels such as The administrative dashboard provides real - time monitoring of on line calls, short message services (SMS), and two - way radios. incidents, responder locations, and response progress to facilitate effective coordination and decision - making. A descriptive - These manual and fragmented systems often result in delayed developmental research design was employed , focusing on the reporting, inaccurate location descriptions, dispatch errors, and system’s design, development, and evaluation. The system was poor inter - agency coordination. Studies indicate that emergency assessed by thirty - three (33) respondents, including five (5) resp onse delays are frequently associated with incorrect or MDRRMO staff and responders, eight (8) residents, and twenty (20) incomplete address information, traffic conditions, route IT experts, using an adapted evaluation instrumen t based on the unfamiliarity, and limi ted situational awareness [2], [3]. The ISO/IEC 25010:2011 Software Quality Standards. The application absence of an integrated and real - time digital tracking system was developed using Flutter for the mobile platform, PHP and further compounds these challenges, reducing the overall MySQL for backend services, and HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and effectiveness of disaster response operations. Bootstrap for the web interface, following an Agile softwa re development methodology to enable iterative enhancements based on stakeholder feedback. Evaluation results yielded an overall mean The Global Positioning System (GPS), developed and rating of 4.77, interpreted as Excellent, across the criteria of maintained by the United States Department of Defense, provides Functional Suitability, Performance Efficiency, Usability , precise positioning, navigation, and timing services worldwide Reliability, Security, Maintainability, and Portability. The findings [4]. GPS technology has been widely adopted across sectors such indicate that the proposed system significantly improved the as transportat ion, logistics, agriculture, and geospatial monitoring accuracy of emergency reporting, reduced response time, and due to its accuracy and reliability. In emergency management, enhanced coordination among responders. The study demonstrates GPS integration enhances operational efficiency by enabling real - the potential of GPS - enabled technologies to strengthen local time incident localization, dynamic route optimization, and live emergency response operations and improve public safety in the Municipality of Lambunao. tracking of emergency units [5]. However, despite the widespread availability of GPS - enabled smartphones and digital mapping services, its systematic integration into localized DRRM systems

This study developed PWD Connect: A (PWD ID), which serves as the primary credential for Comprehensive Online Hub Using RFID with Data Analytics, availing entitled benefits. an integrated digital platform designed to modernize, secure, and streamline services for Persons with Disabilities (PWDs). The evolving understanding of disability further The system automates the registration a nd renewal of PWD underscores the need for systemic reform. The World identification cards, centralizes beneficiary records, and Health Organization introduced the International integrates RFID technology for fast, contactless, and reliable Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), identity verification during service transactions. To which conceptualizes disability as the interac tion between strengthen fraud prevention, the platform incorporat es health conditions and contextual factors, including multi - layered authentication, unique QR – RFID tagging, and environmental and institutional barriers [2]. This an activity log capable of detecting suspicious or duplicate framework highlights that inefficient administrative claims. It also features built - in data analytics tools that systems and inaccessible technological infrastructures generate real - time insights on service utilization trends, demographic dis tributions, and assistance claim patterns to significantly contribute to part icipation restrictions. In support evidence - based decision - making and efficient many local Persons with Disability Affairs Offices resource allocation among partner agencies. Using a (PDAOs), registration and verification processes remain descriptive - developmental research design, the system was manual and paper - based, requiring applicants to physically evaluated by PDAO personnel, store owners, and r egistered visit government offices, complete extensive PWD users based on internationally recognized software documentation, and endure prolonged waiting times. These quality criteria, including functionality, usability, reliability, procedures disproportionately disadvantage individuals security, and efficiency. Results indicated an “Excellent” level with mobility impairments, cognitive limitations, and of acceptability across all criteria, confirming that the s ystem mental health conditions. is robust, secure, efficient, and capable of consistently meeting administrative and accessibility needs. Studies have demonstrated that accessibility challenges extend to digital government platforms as well. Abdul Aziz

Indigenous artisans of the Panay Bukidnon community continue to struggle with preserving their cultural heritage and promoting their handmade products due to limited market access, labor-intensive profiling processes, and the absence of digital tools that support fair pricing and broader cultural visibility. These challenges restrict their economic opportunities and hinder the passing down of traditional craftsmanship. To address this gap, this study developed Sa Gugma sa Atong Kultura, a community-driven marketplace for indigenous artisan designed to highlight Panay Bukidnon culture while enabling artisans to manage their profiles, showcase products, and engage in direct e-commerce transactions. Using an Agile development process, the system was built as a responsive web application with a React.js frontend, Node.js backend, and MySQL database. Twenty-six participants including Indigenous artisans, the Head of the Calinog Indigenous Peoples Office, customers, and IT experts were involved through interviews, surveys, observations, and system testing. The platform integrates key features such as artisan profiling, cultural content, messaging, and a machine learning-based dynamic pricing algorithm that adjusts product prices based on historical data, seasonal patterns, and local supply and demand. Results showed that the system is excellent with an overall mean score of 4.80 and received positive evaluations in functionality, usability, reliability, performance efficiency, maintainability, and portability based on an ISO/IEC 25010:2011-adapted assessment. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the platform not only promotes the cultural identity of the Panay Bukidnon community

The rapid growth of mobile gaming has shaped how and foreign influences, leaving Philippine mythological teenagers consume digital content, often favoring foreign - monsters overshadowed by mainstream entertainment. Video themed games over culturally grounded narratives. This shift games at the time focused heavily on action, fantasy, and has contributed to the declining awareness of Philippine competition, rarely incorporating elements of Filipino folklore among youth aged 13 – 19. This study presents the folklore, which further diminished awareness of these design and development of Eternal Quest , a 2D platform - based legendary creatures. Without efforts to preserve these myths, action - adventure mobile game that integrates Philippine mythological creatures into interactive gameplay. The game the unique stories and cultural significance of these features side - scrolling mechanics, enemy encounters, boss creatures might soon have disappeared from the collective battles, resource - based sub - weapons, checkpoints, and life and memory of Filipinos. health systems to provide an engaging experience. The system To address these issues, the team proposed Eternal was developed using the Godot Engine and Aseprite. Usability Quest, a platform - based action - adventure mobile game that was evaluated using the System Usability Scale (SUS) to assess brought Philippine mythological creatures to life in an action - functionality, ease of use, and overall user experience. Results packed adventure. Players explored different stages, facing indicated t hat the game was functional and engaging, with recommendations for improvement in interface clarity and monsters such as the Tiyanak, Aswang, Santelmo, player guidance. The findings suggest that mobile games can Manananggal, Nuno sa Punso, Mangkukulam, and Amalanhig serve as effective platforms for cultural awareness and folklore as enemies. Each level presented unique challenges, battles, preservation. and thrilling boss fights, allowing players to engage with Filipino mythology in an interactive way. With simple co ntrols

The agricultural sector faces persistent challenges such world, integrating these digital tools has already proven as labor shortages, inefficient resource utilization, and limited successful in maximizing yields while minimizing risk. access to real - time farm data. These challenges are more pronounced among small - scale farmers who rely on traditional At the heart of this digital transformation is the Internet of farming practic es. This paper presents a scalable Internet of Things (IoT). Defined as a network of physical objects Things (IoT) - based Farm Management System (FMS) designed to embedded with sensors and software, IoT allows for the improve productivity, decision - making efficiency, and seamless collection and exchange of data. The scale of this sustainability in small - scale agricultural operations. The proposed technology is staggerin g; with over 15 billion connected system integrates environme ntal sensors, microcontrollers, cloud devices globally, the IoT ecosystem now exceeds the human services, and Short Messaging Service (SMS) notifications to population. [9] In developed nations, this connectivity has deliver real - time farm monitoring and automated irrigation revolutionized industries ranging from healthcare to urban support. The system is initially deployed to ten small - scale farmers, each managing 0.5 hectares o f land, with one monitoring planning, with agriculture being a primary be neficiary of this station per farm. Results indicate that the IoT - based FMS automation [4][6] . enhances farm monitoring accuracy, reduces manual labor dependency, and supports data - driven agricultural decisions. The The application of IoT in the field is vast and transformative. study demonstrates the system’s scalability poten tial for larger agricultural areas while maintaining cost - effectiveness and From identifying ripe fruits and deploying drones for precision usability. spraying to managing large - scale irrigation systems, the "connected farm" is rapidly becoming the gold standard. Projections ind icate that the number of agricultural IoT devices

This system, designed for poultry farmers, is a responses to shifting conditions. Although the emergence of Smart Brooding System for Poultry. The researchers used the Internet of Things (IoT) has introduced opportunities for a prototyping model to develop the system. The design can automation, a core limitation of many existing IoT - based give the farmers an easy way to monitor their brooder solutions is their narrow focus. Most systems prioritize basic through their mobile phones using the internet. The system temperature an d humidity co ntrol while overlooking critical was evaluated using ISO 25010 , an International Standard factors such as ammonia gas accumulation and real - time visual of Software Evaluation. Farmers can monitor the water, monitoring of chick behavior. This lack of comprehensive data ammonia gas, humidity, and temperature status, and they collection severely compromises the reliability of the system, can monitor the chicks through live viewing. Internet making it less dependable for formal health assessment and acces s is needed for this mobile monitoring app, where the preventative management. application displays the value of the sensor reading inside the brooder and the time when the data was retrieved. This To establish a more consistent and accurate design is an improved brooder system that uses the understanding of a flock’s condition, integrating advanced Internet of Things (IoT). It is possible to get the sensor technologies and behavioral analysis into the information from the water, ammonia gas, humidity, and monitoring process is essential. Ammonia, a byproduct of temperature sensors and analyze it digitally from manure decomposition, poses significant hea lth risks that anywhere in the world. The IoT using Arduino remain invisible without specialized sensors, and signs of Microcontroller is easy and fun to use. Presented here is a chick distress — such as abnormal clustering — are often missed water, ammonia gas, humidi ty, and temperature without continuous camera monitoring. By integrating gas - monitoring system using Arduino and the Internet of detection sensors and computer vision with an automated Things applied in the field of agriculture. monitori ng system, the accuracy of environmental data can be

As the modern workplace grows in complexity, coronary heart disease and stroke — conditions often exacerbated by traditional periodic health assessments are becoming insufficient late - stage diagnosis. While clinical interventions exist, there is a for mitigating real - time health risks. This study presents the critical need for proactive health monitoring to identify early Employee Vital Signs Automatic Monitoring System (EVAMS), physiological warning signs before they escalate into lif e - threatening an innovative Internet o f Things (IoT) solution designed for the events. continuous, real - time acquisition and intelligent assessment of critical physiological data. By integrating specialized biometric Existing research has frequently explored the use of sensors with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, wearable devices for vital sign monitoring; however, many studies the system ensures sea mless data attribution to individual focus primarily on patients already diagnosed with chronic ailments or employees. The hardware architecture utilizes high - precision those undergoing active medical treatment. Such reactive approache s sensors to monitor heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation often miss the window for early prevention. This study addresses this (SpO 2 ), body temperature, electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms, gap by proposing the Employee Vital Signs Automatic Monitoring and blood pressure. These components interface with a System (EVAMS). Unlike traditional systems, EVAMS is designed microcontroller that facilitates secure wireless transmission to a for the active workforce, aiming to maintain productivity a nd prevent centralized cloud database for longitudinal tracking. To the onset of serious diseases through continuous surveillance of heart transform raw data int o actionable insights, EVAMS employs a rate, SpO_2, and blood pressure using integrated sensors like the rule - based expert system that evaluates real - time metr ics against MAX30102, AD8232, and SEN0213 [3], [5], [6]. By transitioning established clinical thresholds. When anomalies are detected, the from episodic check - ups to continuous workplac e monitoring, this system generates automated alerts, allowing authorized medical research explores the potential of IoT technology to foster a healthier, personnel to perform immediate interventions via a real - time more resilient workforce. dashboard. The implementation of EVAMS represents a pr oactive shift in occupational health, enabling the early detection of II. LITERATURE REVIEW cardiovascular stress and respiratory issues. This research demonstrates that the synergy of IoT and expert systems provides a scalable, cost - effective framework for enhancing workplace A. Evolution of IoT and Microcontroller Platforms safety, reducing medical emergencies, and fostering a culture of preventive care and data - driven health management. The democratization of embedded systems, specifically the Arduino platform, has significantly lowered the barrier to entry for

This study aimed to develop an application entitled “StudySync: A Licensure Exam for Teachers Review Application”. The study utilized a descriptive - developmental method of research. Android Studio was used to create the application. The Agile Met hodology - Scrum Framework guided the research and system development. The application included key features such as a timed simulation exam, an analytics page displaying bar graphs for each subject, and a profile section where users could view their quiz history and upload a profile photo. A total enumeration technique was employed to evaluate the application. The data was gathered using a standardized questionnaire deve loped by John Brooke in 1986, the System Usability Scale (SUS). The usability of StudyS ync was evaluated by 70 4 th - year students from the College of Education of ISUFST - San Enrique Campus. The data were tabulated and analyzed using the mean. The results revealed that the developed StudySync system achieved a grand System Usability Score (SUS ) of 92.02, graded as A+, falling within the 90 - 95 percentile range, and is described as “Excellent”. The system was deemed highly acceptable, with a Net Promoter Score (NPS) categorized as “Promoter”. Based on these findings, the College of Education may encourage students to utilize StudySync as a su pplementary tool for reviewing for the LET, and may upload the application to the Google Play Store to reach a wider audience, and develop a tutorial video to guide students in using the system effectively. T his study was conducted at the Iloilo State University of Fisheries Science and Technology - San Enrique Campus (ISUFST - SEC) in San Enrique, Iloilo, from August to October 2025.

This research aimed to develop "ResearcHive: A Mobile - Based Research Repository Application" and evaluate its usability. Using a descriptive - developmental method, the study was conducted at Iloilo State University of Fisheries, Science and Technology - San Enrique Campus, from August to November 2025. The study employed a System Development Life Cycle - Waterfall Model. The mobile application was developed using Android Studio with Java and XML, and the web application was created in Visual Studio Code using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, with Supabase functioning as the database. The system allows users to add, update, store, manage, and generate analytics and report s of research studies, as well as browse, search, and download research documents anytime and anywhere. The study utilized a standardized questionnaire checklist designed by John Brooke (1986) to assess its usability. The respondents were four (4) research coordinators from the four (4) departments, the librarian, and two hundred fifty - seven (257) third - year and fourth - year students, forty (40) from the College of Education, forty - five (45) from the College of Computer Studies, seventy - five (75) from the College of Agriculture, and ninety - seven (97) from the College of Management, randomly selected students of ISUFST - SEC. The data gathered was tabulated and analyzed using the System Usability Score (SUS). The system got an SUS score of 96.16, denoting an "A+" grade and within the 96 - 100 Percentile. It can be described as 'Best Imaginable' and 'Acceptable' as to its acceptability, and having a Net Promoter Score described as "Promoter." Based on the results, the study recommends integrating a chatbot for user assistance, including faculty research, and expanding the system to other campuses for a unified repository.